Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the second of the Three Great Unifiers of Japan, commenced his journey as a foot-soldier and ascended through the ranks to become a samurai, military leader, statesman, and eventually the ruler of Japan.
Born in 1536 in Nakamura village (now part of Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture), Hideyoshi faced adversity from a young age. His father passed away shortly after his birth, and his mother remarried a low-ranking samurai who treated him harshly. Despite being sent to a nearby temple to train as a priest, Hideyoshi fled at the age of 15 to join Matsushita Yukitsuna's army as an ashigaru foot soldier. In 1558, he received funds to purchase armor for his master but instead bought equipment for himself, showcasing his independent spirit and resourcefulness. Back in Owari (Aichi Prefecture), he joined Oda Nobunaga's service as a sandal carrier.
Hideyoshi's ingenuity and dedication caught Nobunaga's attention. He participated in key battles such as Okehazama, Inabayama, and Anegawa, distinguishing himself as a capable warrior. When news of Nobunaga's assassination reached him during the siege of Takamatsu Castle, Hideyoshi swiftly intervened, negotiating peace and turning his forces against the traitorous Akechi Mitsuhide. He defeated Mitsuhide's army at Yamazaki and returned to Kiyosu Castle to ensure the continuity of the Oda clan's leadership.
As he governed on behalf of Nobunaga's infant grandson, Samboshi, Hideyoshi faced challenges from within the clan, notably from Nobutaka and Shibata Katsuie. However, he skillfully navigated these conflicts, consolidating his power through strategic alliances and military victories. His campaigns extended across southern Japan, standardizing currency and implementing social reforms to maintain stability.
Hideyoshi's ambitions extended beyond Japan's borders, leading to two significant campaigns in Korea. Upon his return, he found political dynamics shifting. Despite appointing regents to oversee his son Hideyori's rule, internal strife emerged, ultimately leading to civil war.
He passed away in 1598 at Fushimi Castle, leaving behind a legacy of unification and governance. Despite his modest physical stature and alleged birth defects, Hideyoshi's intellect and strategic prowess propelled him from humble beginnings to a revered figure in Japanese history.
See also
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Asano Nagaakira
Asano Nagaakira (March 18, 1586 – October 16, 1632) was a Japanese samurai and daimyō of the early Edo period. He initially ruled Wakayama Domain before being transferred to the Hiroshima Domain, where his family would remain until the Meiji Restoration.
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Takigawa Kazumasu
Takigawa Kazumasu (1525 – October 21, 1586), also known as Takikawa Sakon or Sakonshogen, was a prominent samurai and daimyō of the Sengoku period. He served as a loyal retainer and military commander under Oda Nobunaga and later Toyotomi Hideyoshi. His biological son, Toshimasu, was adopted by Maeda Toshihisa, the elder brother of Maeda Toshiie, and Kazumasu served alongside Toshiie in Nobunaga’s campaigns.
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Sanada Yukitaka
Sanada Yukitaka (c. 1512 – June 8, 1574) was a renowned samurai warrior of the Sengoku period, best known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen." He was the father of Sanada Nobutsuna and Sanada Masayuki, as well as the grandfather of the legendary Sanada Yukimura, who later served the Toyotomi clan.
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Torii Mototada
Torii Mototada (1539 – September 8, 1600) was a Japanese samurai and daimyo who lived through the Sengoku and late Azuchi–Momoyama periods. A loyal retainer of Tokugawa Ieyasu, he is best remembered for his heroic last stand at the Siege of Fushimi, an event that played a crucial role in shaping Japanese history.
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Toyotomi Hideyori
Toyotomi Hideyori (August 28, 1593 – June 4, 1615) was the son and designated successor of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the general who first unified Japan. His mother, Yodo-dono, was Oda Nobunaga's niece.
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Okubo Tadanori
Okubo Tadanori (January 13, 1842 – August 10, 1897) was the 9th daimyo of Odawara Domain in Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture) during the late Edo period. Before the Meiji Restoration, he held the courtesy title of Kaga no Kami.
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Okubo Tadayo
Okubo Tadayo (1532 – October 28, 1594) was a samurai general who served Tokugawa Ieyasu during the Azuchi–Momoyama period and later became the daimyo of Odawara Domain in the early Edo period.
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Araki Murashige
Araki Murashige (1535 – June 20, 1586) was a samurai and retainer of Ikeda Katsumasa, the head of the powerful Settsu-Ikeda clan in Settsu Province. Initially serving under Katsumasa, he aligned himself with Oda Nobunaga after Nobunaga’s successful campaign to establish control over Kyoto.
